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RNLB Ruby and Arthur Reed (ON 990)
''Ruby and Arthur Reed'' (RNLI Official Number 990)〔The Cromer Lifeboats, by Bob Malster & Peter Stibbons,:Poppyland Publishing, ISBN 0-946148-21-X〕 was an lifeboat of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) stationed at Cromer in the English county of Norfolk〔''OS Explorer Map 252 - Norfolk Coast East''. ISBN 978-0-319-23815-8.〕 from the 30 April 1967〔Cromer Lifeboat, A pictorial history, By Nicholas Leach & Paul Russell, Pub; Landmark Collector’s Library, ISBN 978-1-84306-363-6〕 and was the No 1 lifeboat between various relief’s〔Cromer Lifeboats 1804-2004, Leach, Nicholas & Russell, Paul, Pub: Tempus Publishing, 2004, ISBN 0-7524-3197-8〕 until she was replaced after 17 years service by the ''Ruby and Arthur Reed II'' on the 16 December 1985. During the time that the ''Ruby and Arthur Reed'' was on station at Cromer she performed 125 service launches, rescuing 58 lives.
==Design and construction==
''Ruby and Arthur Reed'' was built in 1966〔 at the yard of William Osborne at Littlehampton, West Sussex.〔 She was an Oakley class self-righting design which combined great stability with the ability to self-right in the event of the lifeboat capsizing.〔Oakley Class Lifeboats: An Illustrated History of the RNLI's Oakley and Rother Lifeboats: By Nicholas, Nicholas :Published by The History Press Ltd: ISBN 978-0-7524-2784-3〕 This was achieved by a system of shifting water ballast. The system worked by the lifeboat taking on one and half tons of sea water at launching in to a tank built into the base of the hull. If the lifeboat then reached a crucial point of capsize the ballast water would transfer through valves to a righting tank built into the port side.〔 If the capsize was to the starboard side of the lifeboat, the water shift started when an angle of 165° was reached.〔 This would push the boat into completing a full 360° roll. If the capsize was to the port side, the water transfer started at 110°. In this case the weight of water combined with the weight of machinery aboard the lifeboat usually managed to stop the roll and allow the lifeboat to bounce back to upright.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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